LOCATION BAMOS UTEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Calcic Argixerolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Bamos very cobbly loam--rangeland. (Colors are for air dry soil unless otherwise noted.)
A--O to 2 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 4/2) very cobbly loam, dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) moist; moderate medium platy structure parting to moderate fine subangular blocky; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few, medium, many fine and very fine interstitial pores; 25 percent cobbles and 25 percent pebbles; mildly alkaline (ph 7.4); abrupt smooth boundary. (2 to 6 inches thick)
BA--2 to 8 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 4/2) gravelly clay loam, dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure parting to moderate very fine subangular blocky; hard, firm, sticky and plastic; few medium, common fine and very fine roots; few, medium, many fine and common very fine tubular pores; 5 percent cobbles and 20 percent pebbles; mildly alkaline (pH 7.6); clear smooth boundary. (3 to 9 inches thick)
Bt1--8 to 14 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/4) gravelly clay loam, dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure parting to moderate fine and very fine subangular blocky; hard, firm, sticky, and plastic; few medium, common fine and very fine roots; few, medium, many fine and common very fine tubular pores; 5 percent cobbles and 20 percent pebbles; mildly alkaline (pH 7.6); clear smooth boundary. (3 to 9 inches thick)
Bt2--8 to 14 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/4) gravelly clay loam, dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure that parts to moderate fine and very fire subangular blocky; hard, firm, sticky and plastic; few medium, common fine and very fine roots; few medium, common fine and very fine pores; common moderately thick clay films on faces of peds; 5 percent cobbles and 25 percent pebbles; moderately alkaline (pH7.9); gradual wavy boundary. (5 to 10 inches thick)
Btk--14 to 24 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/4) gravelly clay loam, dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure parting to moderate fine and very fine subangular blocky; hard, firm, sticky, and plastic; few medium fine and very fine roots; few medium and common fine and very fine random tubular pores; few thick clay films on faces of peds; 5 percent cobbles and 25 percent pebbles; matrix is noncalcareous; some carbonates occurs as thin coatings on the underside of rock fragments; moderately alkaline (pH 8,0); clear irregular boundary. (0 to 10 inches thick)
Bk1--24 to 27 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/4) gravelly clay loam, dark brown (7.5YR 4/3) moist; weak medium and fine subangular blocky structure that parts to weak fine and very fine subangular blocky; hard, firm, sticky, and plastic; few medium, fine and very fine roots; common fine and very fine tubular pores; 5 percent cobbles and 25 percent pebbles; moderately calcareous, carbonates are disseminated and as thin coatings on rock fragments and as soft masses and veins; moderately alkaline (pH 8.4); clear wavy boundary. (2 to 7 inches thick)
Bk2--27 to 33 inches; light brown (7.5YR 6/4) very gravelly clay loam, dark brown (7.5YR 4/4) moist; weak medium and fine subangular blocky structure; very hard, firm, sticky, and plastic; few medium, fine and very fine roots; common fine, many very fine tubular pores; 5 percent cobbles and 50 percent pebbles; strongly calcareous, carbonates are disseminated and is as coatings on rock fragments and as soft masses; strongly alkaline (pH 8.6), abrupt smooth boundary. (5 to 8 inches thick )
R--33 inches; intermediate igneous bedrock.
TYPE LOCATION: Iron County, Utah; about 5 miles west and 1/2 mile south of Kane Springs in the Jackrabbit seeding area of the Black Mountain Range. In the SW 1/4 of section 18, T. 32 S., R. 9 W.
RANGE OF CHARACTERISTICS: The mean annual soil temperature ranges from 45 to 51 degrees F. The mean summer soil temperature is 66 to 71 degrees F. The soil moisture regime is Xeric bordering Aridic. The soils are dry for 60 or more consecutive days in the four months following the summer solstice.
The mollic epipedon is 7 to 15 inches thick. The A and Bt horizons are 11 to 25 inches thick. The depth to the bedrock is 20 to 40 inches. Rock fragment content ranges from 15 to 75 percent in the A horizon; 5 to 35 percent in the Bt horizon and 5 to 65 in the Bk horizons.
The A horizon has hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, value of 4 or 5 dry and 3 moist, and chroma of 2 or 3 dry. It is gravelly or very gravelly loam, clay loam to very gravelly clay loam, or very cobbly loam. The horizon is neutral to moderately alkaline.
The Bt horizon has hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, value of 4 or 5 dry and 3 moist and chroma of 2 or 3 dry. Texture is clay loam or gravelly clay loam. This horizon is neutral to moderately alkaline.
The Bk horizon has hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, value of 5 to 8 dry, and 3 to 6 moist, and chroma of 2 or 4 dry. Textures include clay loam, gravelly clay loam, very gravelly clay loam, very cobbly sandy clay loam, very cobbly clay loam or very cobbly loam. This horizon is moderately alkaline to strongly alkaline.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Clockum (WA), Doyce (UT), Hack (OR), Luero (UT), Polly (OR), Pollynot T(ID), Timpanogos (UT), and Tirod (ID). These soils are all very deep.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Bamos soils occur on mountain sides and foothills at elevations of 5,300 to 7,000 feet. Slopes range from 2 to 40 percent. These soils formed in residuum derived from mixed intermediate igneous rocks. The mean annual temperature is 45 to 50 degrees F. The mean summer temperature is 65 to 70 degrees F. The average annual precipitation is 12 to 14 inches. The freeze-free period is 9O to 130 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Abela, Birdow, Denmark, Doyce and Pavant soils. Abela, Birdow and Doyce soils are more than 40 inches deep to bedrock. Denmark and Pavant soils are less than 20 inches deep to lime cemented hardpans.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY; Well drained; moderate to rapid runoff; moderately slow permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: Used for rangeland, wildlife habitat and recreation. The natural vegetation is dominantly pinyon-juniper, Wyoming big sagebrush, bitterbrush and cacti.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Southern Utah. This soil is moderately extensive. MLRA 28A.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Reno, Nevada
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Iron County, Utah, (Iron-Washington Area), 1997.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon - the zone from the soil surface to a depth of 8 inches (A and BA horizons).
Argillic horizon - a zone of clay illuviation at a depth of 8 to 24 inches (Bt and Btk horizons).
Calcic horizon - a zone of carbonate accumulation at a depth of 24 to 33 inches (Bk horizons).
Lithic contact - the contact with hard bedrock at 33 inches (R layer).
The classification is based on the "Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Eighth Edition, 1998". The cation exchange activity class is an estimate based on NASIS data.