LOCATION BELLEVUE WIEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Fluventic Hapludolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Bellevue silt loam - on a 2 percent slope in a pasture at an elevation of about 600 feet. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
A1--0 to 13 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) silt loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) crushed, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; moderate medium and fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine fibrous roots; common fine and very fine and few medium continuous dendritic pores; slightly alkaline; clear wavy boundary.
A2--13 to 18 inches; mixed very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) and very dark brown (10YR 2/2) silt loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; moderate medium and fine angular and subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine fibrous roots; common fine and very fine and medium continuous dendritic pores; many prominent reddish brown (5YR 4/4) worm casts; slightly alkaline; clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the A horizons ranges from 12 to 20 inches.)
Bw1--18 to 22 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) silt loam; moderate medium and fine subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine fibrous root; common fine and very fine and few medium continuous inped dendritic pores; many dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) worm casts; dark organic stains on some vertical faces of peds; few fine prominent yellowish red (5YR 4/6) masses of iron accumulation; slightly alkaline; clear wavy boundary. (2 to 7 inches thick)
Bw2--22 to 28 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) loam; moderate medium and fine subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine roots; common fine and very fine continuous inped dendritic pores; common fine prominent yellowish red (5YR 4/6) masses of iron accumulation; neutral; clear wavy boundary. (4 to 9 inches thick)
BC--28 to 36 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/4)) sandy loam; weak and moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine continuous inped dendritic pores; common medium prominent yellowish red (5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation; neutral; clear wavy boundary. (6 to 12 inches thick)
C1--36 to 46 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine continuous inped tubular pores; many medium prominent yellowish red (5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation; slightly alkaline; clear wavy boundary. (5 to 15 inches thick)
C2--46 to 60 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) silty clay loam; massive; firm; few fine tubular pores; many medium prominent yellowish red (5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Brown County, Wisconsin; about 1/2 mile south of De Pere; 330 feet east of County Highway X at the point where it crosses the East River Bridge in Public Claim (P.C.) 38. USGS De Pere, Wisconsin Topographic quadrangle; lat. 44 degrees 25 minutes 24 seconds N., and long. 88 degrees 02 minutes 24 seconds W., NAD 27.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Thickness of the mollic epipedon ranges from 10 to 20 inches. Depth to the base of soil development ranges from 24 to 48 inches. These soils have an irregular decrease in organic carbon content with increasing depth. The particle-size control section averages from 18 to 25 percent clay and from 30 to 60 percent fine sand or coarser. The pedons do not contain coarse fragments. Reaction ranges from slightly acid to slightly alkaline in the solum and is mildly alkaline or moderately alkaline in the substratum. Redox accumulations occur within 40 inches and saturation occurs there for one month or more per year in 6 or more out of 10 years.
The A horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 2 or 3, and chroma of 1 to 3. It is silt loam.
The Bw or BC horizon has hue of 5YR or 7.5YR, value of 3 or 4, and chroma of 3 to 6. texture is typically silt loam, loam, or sandy loam. Thin strata of finer or coarser texture are in the B horizons in some pedons.
The C horizon has hue of 5YR or 7.5YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 4 to 8. Texture commonly consists of stratified layers of loam, silt loam, or silty clay loam, with thin layers of fine sandy loam, sandy loam, sand, or fine sand.
COMPETING SERIES: This is the Marquis series. Marquis soils have rock fragments throughout the series control section and have a lithologic discontinuity with till at a depth of 14 to 26 inches.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Bellevue soils are on flood plains. Slopes range from 0 to 3 percent. Bellevue soils formed in stratified reddish silty and loamy alluvium. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 28 to 33 inches. Mean annual air temperature ranges from 46 to 51 degrees F.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: Bellevue soils typically occur in narrow flood plains and are associated mainly with upland or lake plain soils such as Kewaunee and Oshkosh. Kewaunee soils are clayey till soils and Oshkosh soils are clayey lacustrine soils.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained. Surface runoff is low or medium. Permeability is moderate. Bellevue soils are subject to frequent but brief flooding. These soils have an apparent seasonal high water table within a depth of 40 inches for one month or more per year in 6 or more out of 10 years.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are used for pastureland and a few are in woodland. Small areas are used for cropland but crops are generally damaged by stream overflow. Native vegetation consists of mixed deciduous forests, dominated by northern red oak and sugar maple.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Eastern Wisconsin. This soil is of small extent.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Brown County, Wisconsin, 1970.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and feataures recognized in this pedon are: mollic epipedon - 0 to 18 inches (A1, A2 ); cambic horizon - 18 to 36 inches (Bw1, Bw2, BC ); Oxyaquic feature redox accumulations and saturation within a depth of 40 inches for one month or more per year in 6 or more out of 10 years; other feature - irregular decrease in organic carbon content with increasing depth.