LOCATION DODGE WI+ILEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Hapludalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Dodge silt loam on a 2 percent slope in a cultivated field at an elevation of about 930 feet Above mean sea level. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap1--0 to 6 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) silt loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; weak fine crumb structure; friable; many fine and very fine roots; moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary.
Ap2--6 to 8 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) silt loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable; many fine and very fine roots; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the Ap ranges from 6 to 9 inches)
Bt1--8 to 13 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silty clay loam; weak medium platy structure parting to weak very fine angular blocky; friable; common fine and very fine roots; common faint clay films on faces of peds; clean silt grains coating faces of some peds; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.
Bt2--13 to 19 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silty clay loam; moderate very fine angular and subangular blocky structure; friable; common very fine and fine roots; common faint clay films on faces of peds; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
Bt3--19 to 23 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silty clay loam; weak medium prismatic structure parting to moderate and strong fine angular and subangular blocky; firm; common very fine and fine roots; common faint clay films on faces of peds; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
Bt4--23 to 29 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) silty clay loam; weak medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium angular and subangular; firm; common very fine and fine roots; common faint brown (10YR 4/3) clay films on faces of peds; few dark colored iron-manganese spots on faces of peds; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizons ranges from 11 to 30 inches.)
2Bt5--29 to 35 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) sandy clay loam; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; firm; few very fine and fine roots; common faint brown (7.5YR 4/3) and distinct dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) clay films on faces of peds; few dark colored iron-manganese spots on faces of peds; about 8 percent gravel; slightly acid; gradual irregular boundary.
2Bt6--35 to 39 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) sandy loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine and fine roots; common faint brown (7.5YR 4/3) and distinct dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) clay films on faces of peds and in channels; about 8 percent gravel; slightly effervescent; 14 percent calcium carbonate equivalent; slightly alkaline; gradual smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the 2Bt horizon ranges from 4 to 20 inches)
2C1--39 to 48 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) sandy loam; massive breaking to weak thin plates; friable; about 12 percent gravel; strongly effervescent; 28 percent calcium carbonate equivalent; slightly alkaline; gradual smooth boundary. (0 to 20 inches thick)
2C2--48 to 60 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) sandy loam; massive breaking to thin plates; friable; about 12 percent gravel; strongly effervescent; 33 percent calcium carbonate equivalent; moderately alkaline; gradual smooth boundary. (0 to 20 inches thick)
2C3--60 to 84 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) and pale brown (10YR 6/3) gravelly sandy loam; massive breaking to weak thin plates; about 18 percent gravel; strongly effervescent; 36 percent calcium carbonate equivalent; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Dane County, Wisconsin; about 4 miles east and 5 miles north of Sun Prairie; 300 feet south and 1375 feet west of the northeast corner of sec. 13, T. 9 N., R. 11 E. USGS North Bristol Wisconsin topographic quadrangle; lat. 43 degrees 15 minutes 09 seconds N., and long. 89 degrees 07 minutes 56 seconds W., NAD 27
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Depth to the base of the argillic horizon ranges from 30 to 50 inches. Depth to carbonates ranges from 30 to 40 inches. Thickness of the loess mantle ranges from 24 to 39 inches. The particle-size control section averages from 25 to 32 percent clay and less than 15 percent fine sand or coarser. Rock fragments typically are absent in the loess. Volume of gravel ranges from 3 to 35 percent and volume of cobbles from 0 to 2 percent in the till. The calcium carbonate equivalent ranges from 10 to 40 percent in the substratum.
The Ap horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 2 to 4. Uncultivated pedons have an A horizon with hue of 10YR, value of 2 or 3, and chroma of 1 to 3. Reaction naturally ranges from strongly acid to slightly acid but ranges to neutral, where the soil is limed.
Some pedons have an E horizon with hue of 10YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 2 or 3. Texture is silt loam. Reaction naturally ranges from strongly acid to slightly acid but ranges to neutral, where the soil is limed.
Some pedons have a BE horizon with hue of 10YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 3 or 4. Texture is silt loam. Reaction naturally ranges from strongly acid to slightly acid but ranges to neutral, where the soil is limed.
The Bt horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 3 to 6. Value and chroma of 3 do not occur together. Texture is silty clay loam or silt loam. Reaction naturally ranges from very strongly acid to slightly acid but ranges to neutral in the upper part in some pedons, where the soil is limed.
The 2Bt horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 4 to 6. A thin organic matter and clay-rich B horizon (Beta B) is present in some pedons just above the calcareous till and is identified by its low value (2 or 3) and chroma (1 to 3). Texture of the 2Bt is clay loam, sandy clay loam, loam, fine sandy loam, or sandy loam or the gravelly analogs. Carbonates are present in the lower part in some pedons. Reaction ranges from moderately acid to slightly alkaline.
Some pedons have a 2Btk or 2BCtk horizon with colors like the 2Bt horizon. Texture is sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or the gravelly analogs. These horizons contain identifiable secondary carbonates. Reaction is slightly or moderately alkaline.
The 2C horizon typically has hue of 10YR but some pedons have hue of 7.5YR. Value is 5 or 6 and chroma is 3 or 4. Texture typically is sandy loam or fine sandy loam or their gravelly analogs but some pedons have subhorizons of loam or loamy sand or their gravelly analogs. Sand content averages 55 percent or more in the 2C horizon but some pedons have subhorizons in the 2C with less than 55 percent sand. The 2C horizon contains carbonates. Calcium carbonate equivalent ranges from 10 to 40 percent. Reaction is slightly or moderately alkaline.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Baraboo, Bertrand, Blackhammer, Camden, Dubuque, Fayette, Flagg, Greenridge(T), Hackers, Jackson, Jemerson, Knowles, La Farge, Lambeau(T), Lomira, Marseilles, Martinsburg, Menfro, Middletown, Navlys, Palermo(T), Palsgrove, Pepin, Piscasaw, Ridgway, Rozetta, Ruma, Rush, Russell, Seaton, St. Charles, Stookey, Sylvan, Thebes, and Yellowriver series. Baraboo, Dubuque, and Knowles soils have a lithic contact at 20 to 40 inches. Bertrand, Fayette, Martinsburg, Menfro, Navlys, Palermo, Rozetta, Ruma, Seaton, St. Charles, Stookey, Sylvan, and Yellowriver soils have loess or other silty deposits more than 40 inches thick. Blackhammer soils are stratified in the lower part of the series control section. Camden, Flagg, Greenridge, Hackers, Jemerson, Lambeau, and Ridgway soils do not have free carbonates within the series control section. Jackson soils have loess or other silty deposits 40 to 60 inches thick and have redox features and saturation at 40 to 60 inches. La Farge and Marseilles soils have a paralithic contact at 20 to 40 inches. Lomira soils have 60 to 90 percent calcium carbonate equivalent in the lower part of the series control section. Middletown and Thebes soils do not have carbonates or rock fragments within the series control section. Palsgrove soils have a lithic contact at 40 to 60 inches. Pepinsoils have 35 percent or more clay in the lower part of the series control section. Piscasaw soils average less than 55 percent sand in the substratum and are more than 40 inches deep to carbonates. Rush soils are more than 40 inches deep to carbonates. Russell soils have a densic contact (Cd) at 40 to 60 inches and are more than 40 inches deep to carbonates.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Dodge soils are on ground moraines, end moraines, and drumlins. Slope ranges from 0 to 20 percent. These soils formed in loess and in the underlying till. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 28 to 32 inches. Mean annual air temperature ranges from 46 to 53 degrees F.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are Birkbeck, Lamartine, Mayville, Kidder, and St. Charles soils. Birkbeck and St. Charles soils are on similar slopes with loess thicker than 40 inches. The moderately well drained Mayville and the somewhat poorly drained Lamartine soils form a drainage sequence with the well drained Dodge soils. Kidder soils are nearby on similar slopes where loess thins out to less than 18 inches.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained. The potential for surface runoff ranges from negligible to high. Permeability is moderate.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas of the soil are used for cropland. Common crops are corn, small grain, legumes, and canning crops. Some areas are used for pastureland or woodland. Native vegetation is primarily deciduous forest with maple-basswood and oak-hickory predominating.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Southeastern Wisconsin and northern Illinois. These soils are extensive.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana.
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Green County, Wisconsin, 1969.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: ochric epipedon - 0 to 8 inches (Ap1, Ap2); argillic horizon - 8 to 39 inches (Bt1, Bt2, Bt3, Bt4, 2Bt5, 2Bt6).
ADDITIONAL DATA: Refer to soil survey sample number S62WI-025-001 for NSSL data on the typical pedon. Refer to soil survey sample number S62WI-021-001 for NSSL data on another Dodge pedon.