LOCATION EWALL WAEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Mixed, mesic Typic Xeropsamments
TYPICAL PEDON: Ewall loamy fine sand - grassland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)
A1--0 to 2 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) loamy fine sand, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; weak coarse platy structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many roots; many very fine and fine irregular pores; discontinuous lenses of pumice 1/4 to 1/2 inch thick; neutral (pH 6.6); abrupt smooth boundary. (1 to 3 inches thick)
A2--2 to 7 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) loamy fine sand, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; weak coarse granular structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many roots; many very fine and fine irregular pores; neutral (pH 6.8); clear smooth boundary. (4 to 6 inches thick)
AC--7 to 15 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) loamy fine sand, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; massive; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many roots; many very fine and fine irregular pores; neutral (pH 6.8); clear smooth boundary. (0 to 15 inches thick)
C1--15 to 26 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) sand, dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) moist; single grain; loose, nonsticy and nonplastic; few roots; many very fine and fine irregular pores; neutral (pH 6.9); clear smooth boundary. (9 to 13 inches thick)
C2--26 to 60 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) sand, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; single grain; loose, nonsticky and nonplastic; few roots; many very fine and fine irregular pores; neutral (pH 7.0).
TYPE LOCATION: Okanogan County, Washington; 750 feet north and 800 feet west of the southeast corner of the SE1/4NE1/4 section 3, T. 32 N., R. 25 E., (Latitude48 degrees, 18 minutes, 5.86 seconds North, Longitude 119 degrees, 40 minutes, 12.05 seconds West).
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil Moisture: The soils are usually moist, but are dry in all parts for 90 to 105 days (xeric soil moisture regime).
Soil Temperature: mean annual soil temperature is 47 to 55 degrees F.
Rock fragments: averages 0 to 5 percent gravel in the particle-size control section
Clay content: averages 0 to 5 percent in the particle-size control section
A1 and A2 horizons
Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR
Value: 4 to 6 dry, 2 to 4 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3 dry or moist
A2 horizon
Texture: loamy fine sand, loamy sand, loamy coarse sand, coarse sand, or gravelly loamy sand
Gravel: 0 to 20 percent
Organic matter: less than 1 percent
The dark colors are inherited from dark colored minerals.
AC horizon (when present)
hue of 10YR or 2.5Y,
value of 5 to 7 dry, 3 to 5 moist and
chroma of 2 to 4 dry or moist.
Texture is loamy fine sand, loamy coarse sand, loamy sand, or coarse sand, and is gravelly in some pedons.
It has 0 to 25 percent gravel.
Reaction is neutral or slightly alkaline.
Organic matter is less than 1 percent.
The dark colors are inherited from dark colored minerals.
C horizon
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 5 to 7 dry, 3 to 5 moist
Chroma: 1 to 4 dry or moist
Texture (fine-earth): loamy sand, sand, or coarse sand and can be gravelly
Gravel: 0 to 25 percent
Cobbles: 0 to 5 percent
Reaction: neutral to moderately alkaline
Some pedons have thin gravel lenses below 40 inches
The C horizon is effervescent below a depth of 25 inches in some pedons
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Bisbee, Chimney, Coneward, Dart, Panamaker, and Preston series. Bisbee and Dart soils are dry for 75 to 90 consecutive days. Chimney soils have 15 to 30 percent gravel in the particle-size control section and are slightly acid in the solum. Coneward soils are dry for 110 to 120 consecutive days, have weak discontinuous silica cementation at 40 to 60 inches. Panamaker soils are dry for 45 to 60 consecutive days and have 15 to 30 percent volcanic glass in the particle-size control section. Preston soils are dry for 60 to 90 consecutive days.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Ewall soils are on terraces and terrace escarpments and have a ridged, or hummocky microrelief. Slopes are 0 to 60 percent. The soil formed in glacial outwash or eolian sand. Elevations are 100 to 3,000 feet. The climate is a continental type having hot, dry summers and cold, moist winters. The mean annual temperature is 46 to 52 degrees F. The mean annual precipitation is 12 to 15 inches. The frost-free period is 110 to 180 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Aeneas, Beckley, Chard, Cashmere, Haley, Pogue, and Skaha soils. Aeneas, Cashmere, and Chard soils are coarse-loamy and have a mollic epipedon. Beckley soils have a mollic epipedon. Haley and Pogue soils are coarse-loamy over sandy or sandy-skeletal and have mollic epipedon. Skaha soils are sandy-skeletal.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Excessively drained; slow runoff; very rapid permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are dominantly used for livestock grazing and irrigated cropland. Common crops are alfalfa, pasture, and tree fruit. Native vegetation is bitterbrush, needleandthread, bluebunch wheatgrass, big sagebrush and ponderosa pine on some phases. It is bluebunch wheatgrass, sand dropseed, and rabbitbrush on dry phases.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Eastern Washington. MLRA 8. The soil is moderately extensive.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Okanogan County, Washington, 1972.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon:
Particle-size control section: 10 to 40 inches and is sandy throughout