LOCATION HERTY              TX+LA

HERTY SERIES

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, smectitic, thermic Oxyaquic Vertic Hapludalfs

TYPICAL PEDON: Herty very fine sandy loam on a 1 percent slope in forest; elevation is 58 m (192 ft) (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

A--0 to 8 cm (0 to 3 in); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) very fine sandy loam; weak medium granular structure; soft, friable; many fine, medium and coarse roots; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (Thickness is 5 to 25 cm [2 to 10 in].)

Bt1--8 to 28 cm (3 to 11 in); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; very hard, very firm; many fine, medium, and coarse roots; few prominent medium yellowish red (5YR 5/8) redox concentrations with sharp boundaries on surfaces of peds; interiors of peds have common medium distinct yellowish red (5YR 5/8) and strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) redox concentrations with sharp boundaries; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (Thickness is 10 to 33 cm [4 to 13 in].) (Removed g on horizon designation)

Bt2--28 to 53 cm (11 to 21 in); grayish brown (10YR 5/2) clay loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; very hard, very firm; common fine and medium roots; few pressure faces; common medium distinct yellowish red (5YR 5/8) redox concentrations with sharp boundaries; very slight salinity; extremely acid; gradual wavy boundary. (Thickness is 0 to 51 cm [0 to 20 in].)

Btss1--53 to 64 cm (21 to 25 in); grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) clay; weak medium angular blocky structure; very hard, very firm; common fine roots; common grooved slickensides; few medium prominent yellowish red (5YR 5/8) redox concentrations with sharp boundaries; slight salinity; extremely acid; gradual smooth boundary. (Thickness is 0 to 51 cm [0 to 20 in].)

Btss2--64 to 76 cm (25 to 30 in); grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) clay; weak medium angular blocky structure; very hard, very firm; common fine roots; common grooved slickensides; about 20 percent by volume gypsum crystals; few medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) redox concentrations with sharp boundaries; slight salinity; extremely acid; gradual smooth boundary. (Thickness is 10 to 25 cm [4 to 10in].)

BCssy--76 to 112 cm (30 to 44 in); pale olive (5Y 6/3) clay; massive, with very weak angular blocky structure near the slickensides; very hard, firm; few fine roots; 20 to 30 percent by volume gypsum, mainly in horizontal layers 1 to 2 cm (1/4 to 1/2 in.) thick; slight salinity; very strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (Thickness is 0 to 38 cm [0 to 15 in].)

2Cry1--112 to 145 cm (44 to 57 in); pale olive (5Y 6/3) shale with clay texture; massive, very hard, firm; few fine roots in fractures; 20 to 30 percent by volume gypsum, mainly in horizontally oriented layers; few iron-manganese coatings on surface of shale plates and along fractures; moderate salinity; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (Thickness is 0 to 38 cm [0 to 15 in].)

2Cry2--145 to 178 cm (57 to 70 in); pale olive (5Y 6/3) shale with clay texture; massive, very hard, firm; 10 to 15 percent by volume gypsum in thin layers and masses of crystals; few iron-manganese coatings on surface of shale plates and along fractures; few jarosite and natrojarosite coatings and small concentrations of barite and calcite on surface of shale plates; moderate salinity; strongly acid

TYPE LOCATION: Angelina County, Texas; about 15 miles south of Lufkin; from intersection of Farm Road 844 and Farm Road 1818; 2 miles west on Farm Road 1818; 0.4 mile south on logging road and 50 feet east of road in forest. (Latitude: 31 degrees, 10 minutes, 15.41 seconds N; Longitude: 94 degrees, 34 minutes, 40.42 seconds W. Manning, Texas topographic quadrangle; NAD 1927). (Coordinates estimated from location directions and topographic software)

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:

Soil Moisture: An udic soil moisture regime. The soil moisture control section is dry in some or all parts for 60 to 90 days in normal years.

Mean annual soil temperature: 19 to 21 degrees C (67 to 70 degrees F)
Depth to paralithic contact: 100 to 150 cm (40 to 60 in)
Depth to argillic horizon: 8 to 25 cm (3 to 10 in)

Depth to gypsiferous materials: 51 to 152 (20 to 60 in)
Depth to gypsic horizon: 76 to 112 cm (30 to 44 in)
Depth to redox concentrations: 8 to 51 cm (3 to 20 in). Redoximorphic features are both relict and contemporary.
Depth to episaturation: 8 to 51 cm (3 to 20 in) The soil does not have aquic conditions in normal years. The soil is seasonally wet in the surface layer and upper part of the Btg1.
Combined thickness of A and E horizons: 8 to 25 cm (3 to 10 inches)
Exchangeable sodium: 8 to 20 percent
Thickness of solum: 100 to 150 cm (40 to 60 in)
Depth to vertic features: 31 to 66 cm (12 to 26 in) slickensides or wedge shaped peds

Particle-size control section (weighted average)
Clay content: 35 to 45 percent
Rock fragments: 0 to 2 percent

A or Ap Horizon
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 3 to 5
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: very fine sandy loam, loam or silt loam
Clay content: 5 to 15 percent
Rock fragments: 0 to 2 percent
EC (dS/m): 0 to 2
SAR: 0 to 4
Reaction: very strongly to moderately acid (4.5 to 6.0)

E Horizon where present
Hue: 10YR
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 1 to 3
Texture: very fine sandy loam, loam or silt loam
Clay content: 5 to 15 percent
Rock fragments: 0 to 2 percent
EC (dS/m): 0 to 2
SAR: 0 to 4
Reaction: very strongly to moderately acid (4.5 to 6.0)

Btg Horizon
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: clay loam, silty clay loam, silty clay or clay
Clay content: 35 to 45 percent
Clay films: location on faces of peds, contrast faint to prominent
Redox concentrations: amount-few to common, size-fine to coarse, contrast-faint to prominent, boundary-sharp to diffuse, location-in matrix and on faces of peds, shades-red or brown
Rock fragments: 0 to 2 percent
Gypsum: 0 to 2 percent
Salinity: nonsaline to slightly saline
EC (dS/m): 0 to 4
SAR: 6 to 13
Reaction: extremely to strongly acid (3.6 to 5.5)

Btssg Horizon
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: clay loam, silty clay loam, silty clay or clay?
Clay content: 35 to 45 percent
Clay films: location on faces of peds, contrast faint to prominent
Slickensides: few to common
Redox concentrations: amount-few to common, size-fine to coarse, contrast-faint to prominent, boundary-sharp to clear, location-in matrix and on faces of peds, shades-red or brown
Rock fragments: 0 to 2 percent
Gypsum: 2 to 35 percent
Salinity: nonsaline to slightly saline
EC (dS/m): 2 to 8
SAR: 6 to 13
Reaction: extremely to strongly acid (3.6 to 5.5)

Btssy or BCssy Horizon
Colors: brown, yellow or olive
Texture: clay or silty clay
Clay content: 40 to 60 percent
Clay films: location on faces of peds, contrast faint to prominent
Slickensides: few to common
Redox concentrations: amount-none to common, size-fine to coarse, contrast-faint to prominent, boundary-clear or sharp, location-in matrix, shades-brown or yellow
Redox depletions: amount-none to common, size-fine to coarse, contrast-faint to prominent, boundary-clear or sharp, location-in matrix, shades-gray or olive
Gypsum: 2 to 35 percent
Salinity: very slightly saline to moderately saline
EC (dS/m): 2 to 8
SAR: 6 to 13
Reaction: extremely to moderately acid (3.6 to 6.0)

2Cry Horizon
Colors: brown, olive or gray
Texture: mudstone or shale with a texture of clay loam or clay
Clay content: 35 to 70 percent
Gypsum: 2 to 35 percent
EC (dS/m): 4 to 8
SAR: 8 to 13
Reaction: extremely to slightly acid (3.6 to 6.5)

COMPETING SERIES: There are no other series in the same family. Similar soils are the Edna, Kellison, Lufkin, Mabank and Wilson series.
Edna soils: have a hyperthermic temperature regime.
Kellison soils: are well drained and slopes greater than 3 percent.
Lufkin, Mabank and Wilson soils: have an ustic moisture regime and are more alkaline in the lower part of the subsoil.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: mudstone and shale residuum derived from Caddell, Manning and Upper Yegua geologic formations
Landscape: coastal plain
Landform: smooth to slightly concave interfluves
Slope: 0 to 3 percent
Mean annual air temperature range: 18 to 20 degrees C (65 to 68 degrees F)
Mean annual precipitation range: 107 to 152 mm (42 to 52 in)
Frost-free period: 235 to 245 days
Elevation: 40 to 122 m (130 to 400 ft)
Thornthwaite annual P-E indices: 70 to 82

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Diboll (TX), Keltys (TX), Kellison (TX) and Moswell (TX) series.
Diboll soils: have less than 35 percent clay throughout and are on similar landscapes.
Keltys and Moswell soils: are on slightly higher positions and are better drained.
Kellison soils: are better drained and are on steeper slopes.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained. Permeability is very slow. Runoff is high on 0 to 1 percent slopes and very high on 1 to 3 percent slopes. The surface and upper Btg1 horizon is saturated for periods of 30 or more cumulative days during the months of January to April.

USE AND VEGETATION: Used for woodland and pastureland. Native vegetation is mixed pine and hardwood forest with an understory of grasses and shrubs. The shrinking and swelling of the clayey subsoil generally causes many trees to have crooked trunks. A few areas have been cleared for pasture. Pastures are in common bermudagrass, improved bermudagrass, or bahiagrass.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Eastern Texas and western Louisiana; Land Resource Region P; MLRA 133B; the series is of moderate extent.

MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Little Rock, Arkansas

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Polk County, Texas, 1983, Polk and San Jacinto soil survey area, Texas, 1983.

REMARKS: The series was formerly included in the Lufkin series. The series was separated based on difference in moisture regime.

Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Particle size control section: 8 to 58 cm (3 to 23 in) (Btg1, Btg2, Btssg1 horizon)

Ochric epipedon: 0 to 8 cm (0 to 3 in). (A horizon)
Argillic horizon: 8 to 76 cm (3 to 30 in). (Btg and Btssg horizons)
Paralithic contact: The contact with 2Cry at 112cm (44in). (2Cry horizon)
Redoximorphic concentrations: 8 to 76 cm (3 to 30 in). (Btg and Btssg horizons)
Vertic features: The presence of slickensides at 53 to 112 cm (21 to 44 in). (Btssg and BCssy horizons)
Episaturation: The zone of saturation at 8 to 51 cm (3 to 20 in). (A and Btg1 horizons)
Lithologic discontinuity: At the upper boundary of the 2Cry1 horizon.

Additional Comments: Aquic conditions do not exist in this soil in normal years.

The assignment of the cation-exchange activity class is supported by laboratory data number S80TX-005-009 from Angelina County, Texas.

ADDITIONAL DATA: NSSL Data from type location S80TX-005-009. Particle-size analysis tests were performed at the project office on three pedons.

TAXONOMIC VERSION: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, 10th Edition, 2006