LOCATION HOLDER             NE+KS

HOLDER SERIES

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Udic Argiustolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Holder silt loam with a slope of less than 1 percent in a cultivated field. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)

Ap--0 to 13 centimeters (0 to 5 inches); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt loam, very dark brown (10YR 2/2) moist; weak fine and medium granular structure; soft, very friable; strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary.

A--13 to 25 centimeters (5 to 10 inches); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; moderate medium and coarse granular structure; slightly hard, very friable; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary. (Combined A horizons are 18 to 38 centimeters (7 to 15 inches) thick.)

Bt1--25 to 46 centimeters (10 to 18 inches); grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silty clay loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable; neutral; clear smooth boundary.

Bt2--46 to 58 centimeters (18 to 23 inches); brown (10YR 5/3) silty clay loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable; neutral; clear smooth boundary. (Combined Bt horizons are 23 to 51 centimeters (9 to 20 inches) thick.)

BC--58 to 74 centimeters (23 to 29 inches); pale brown (10YR 6/3) silt loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to weak medium subangular blocky; slightly hard, friable; neutral; clear smooth boundary. (15 to 51 centimeters (6 to 20 inches) thick)

C1--74 to 127 centimeters (29 to 50 inches); very pale brown (10YR 7/3) silt loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) moist; weak coarse prismatic structure; soft, very friable; slightly alkaline; gradual smooth boundary.

C2--127 to 203 centimeters (50 to 80 inches); very pale brown (10YR 7/3) silt loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) moist; few fine faint strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) moist mottles; weak coarse prismatic structure; soft, very friable; soft masses of calcium carbonate accumulations; violent effervescence; moderately alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Hamilton County, Nebraska; 122 meters south (400 feet) and 31 meters west (100 feet) of northeast corner, sec. 3, T. 10 N., R. 8 W.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil Moisture: moist in some part from October through April; intermittently moist from May through July; driest in July through September
Depth to secondary carbonates: 76 to 152 centimeters (30 to 60 inches)
Mollic epipedon: 20 to 51 centimeters (8 to 20 inches); and extends into the upper part of the B horizon in some profiles
Thickness of solum: 64 to 127 centimeters (25 to 50 inches)

A horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 3 to 5, dry 2 or 3 moist
Chroma 1 or 2
Texture: silt loam, but the range includes loam and silty clay loam
Reaction: strongly acid to neutral

BA horizon: (present in some pedons)
Hue: 10YR
Values: 4 to 5 dry, 2 or 3 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: silt loam, but the range includes loam and silty clay loam
Reaction: strongly acid to neutral

Bt horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 4 to 6 dry, 3 or 5 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: silty clay loam
Clay content: 28 and 35 percent clay
Reaction: slightly acid to slightly alkaline

BC horizon: (where present)
Hue: 10YR
Value: 5 to 7 dry, 4 to 6 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: silt loam or silty clay loam
Reaction: neutral or slightly alkaline

C horizons:
Hue: 10YR
Values: 6 or 7 dry, and 5 or 6 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: silt loam to silty clay loam
Reaction: neutral to moderately alkaline

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Avans and Geary Soils.
Avans soils formed in alluvium and are on lower landscapes.
Geary soils have redder hues in the subsoil.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent Material: calcareous loess
Landforms: uplands
Slopes: generally less than 4 percent, but ranges from 0 to 11 percent
Mean annual temperature: 10 to 13 degrees C (50 to 56 degrees F)
Mean annual precipitation is 61 to 71 centimeters (24 to 28 inches)
PE index ranges from about 43 to 53.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Butler, Coly, Cozad, Fillmore, Hastings, Hobbs, Hord, and Uly soils.
Butler and Fillmore soils have more clay in the B horizon and occur in depressed areas.
Coly soils have carbonates at the surface, lack a mollic epipedon, and are mainly on side slopes.
Cozad soils have a thinner solum, less clay in the B horizon, and are on stream terraces.
Hobbs soils are stratified, lack a mollic epipedon and an argillic horizon, and are on bottom lands.
Hord soils have a thicker mollic epipedon, lack an argillic horizon, and are lower in elevation.
Uly soils have carbonates nearer the surface, have a thinner solum, and are on side slopes.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage: well drained
Runoff: low to moderately high, depending on slope
Saturated hydraulic conductivity: high

USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are cultivated and a many parts are irrigated.
The main crops are corn, grain sorghum, winter wheat, soybeans, and alfalfa. The native vegetation consists of mixed tall, mid, and short grasses.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: East-central Nebraska. The series is of large extent.

MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Salina, Kansas

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Howard County, Nebraska, 1970.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and other features recognized in this pedon are: Mollic epipedon: 0 to 25 centimeters (0 to 10 inches) (the Ap and A horizon) Argillic horizon: 25 to 58 centimeters (10 to 23 inches) (the Bt horizon)
Moisture regime: Udic-ustic

OSD Modification RRZ 7/2002; recognize a loam overblown phase 0 to 41 centimeters (0 to 16 inches) thick; dark buried horizons are possible; loam added to A horizon; Holder series were formerly included in the Holdrege series and were separated to include those with a udic-ustic moisture regime. Severely eroded Holder soils will no longer classify as Mollisols and need to be recorrelated to a new series.

10/17/05 JCR LM
Changed to semi-tab format, added metric conversions, updated competing series and changed permeability to saturated hydraulic conductivity

ADDITIONAL DATA: NSSL, Lincoln, Nebraska sample S80NE-081-123 at the following site: http://ssldata.sc.egov.usda.gov/