LOCATION LOMAX IL+IN MN MOEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Cumulic Hapludolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Lomax loam - cultivated. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 8 inches; black (10YR 2/1) loam; weak fine granular structure; friable; many very fine roots; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (6 to 10 inches thick)
A1--8 to 19 inches; black (10YR 2/1) loam; weak medium granular structure; friable; many very fine roots; slightly acid; gradual smooth boundary.
A2--19 to 26 inches; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure parting to weak medium granular; friable; common very fine roots; medium acid; gradual smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the A horizons is 12 to 21 inches.)
AB--26 to 31 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine and few medium roots; medium acid; gradual smooth boundary. (0 to 6 inches thick)
Bw1--31 to 35 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) sandy loam; weak medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; medium acid; clear smooth boundary.
Bw2--35 to 42 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 4/4) sandy loam; weak medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; medium acid; abrupt smooth boundary.
Bw3--42 to 51 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) sand stratified with layers 1/2 to 2 inches thick of dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) sandy loam; sand has weak coarse subangular blocky structure bordering on single grained; very friable to loose; sandy loam part has weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; medium acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bw horizon is 19 to 40 inches)
C--51 to 60 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) sand; single grained; loose; medium acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Henderson County, Illinois; about 1 mile north of Carman; 245 feet north and 145 feet west of center of sec. 23, T. 9 N., R. 6 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The depth to the base of soil development is greater than 40. The thickness of the mollic epipedons range in thickness from 24 to 36 inches. The average content of sand coarser than very fine in the particle size control section ranges from 35 ot 50 percent. The depth to sandy material is greater than 40 inches.
The upper part of the control section (Ap, A, or AB horizon) has hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, value of 2 or 3, and chroma of 1 to 3. It is loam or sandy loam. Reaction is medium acid to neutral.
The middle part of the control section (Bw horizons formed in loamy material) has hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, value of 3 to 5, and chroma 2 to 6. It is loam to sandy loam. Reaction ranges from slightly acid to strongly acid.
The lower part of the control section (Bw, BC, C horizons formed in sandy material) has hue of 10YR, 7.5YR, or 5YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 4 to 6. It is loamy sand, sand, or stratified sandy and loamy material. Average sand content is greater than 75 percent, but the sand content of individual strata ranges from 55 to 98 percent. Reaction ranges form neutral to strongly acid.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Ankeny, Disco, Eyota, Hanlon, and Shellwood series. Ankeny and Disco soils average more than 50 percent fine, medium, and coarse sand in the particle size control section. Eyota soils have in the lower part of the control section subhorizons with less than 55 percent sand. Hanlon soils have a mollic epipedons more than 36 inches thick. Shellwood soils are less acid and have free carbonates in the control section.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Lomax soils are on nearly level to gently rolling sandy terraces and outwash plains. Slopes range from 0 to 5 percent. Lomax soils formed in loamy to sandy alluvium or outwash. In some areas it the material has been reworked or redeposited by wind. Summers are hot and winters are cold. Mean annual air temperature ranges from 45 to 52 degrees F,; mean annual precipitation ranges from 30 and 40 inches, frost free days range from 130 to 180 days, and elevation ranges from 680 feet to 1360 feet above sea level.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Dickinson, Onarga, and Sparta soils on the nearby landscape. Dickinson soils have mollic epipedons less than 24 inches thick. Sparta soils are sandy. Onarga soils have argillic horizons.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained. Runoff is slow. Permeability is moderately rapid.
USE AND VEGETATION: Largely under cultivation; corn, soybeans, small grain, and hay are the major crops. Native vegetation is prairie grasses.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Along stream valleys of the major streams in Illinois, Indiana, Minnesota, and Missouri. Extent is moderate (nearly 20,000 acres correlated.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Henderson County, Illinois, 1947.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: mollic epipedon -- the zone from the surface to a depth of 35 inches (Ap, A1, A2, AB, and Bw1 horizons); cambic horizon -- the zone from 31 to 51 inches (Bw1, Bw2, and Bw3 horizons)