LOCATION MANLIUS NY PAEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, active, mesic Typic Dystrudepts
TYPICAL PEDON: Manlius channery silt loam on a 6 percent slopes in a pasture. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted.)
Ap-- 0 to 6 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) channery silt loam; weak medium and fine granular structure; friable; many fine roots; 20 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (4 to 12 inches thick.)
Bw1-- 6 to 9 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) very channery silt loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure parting to weak very fine granular; friable; common fine roots; 40 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
Bw2-- 9 to 18 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) very channery silt loam; weak very fine granular structure; friable; few fine roots; 50 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bw horizon 8 to 24 inches.)
C-- 18 to 30 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) very channery silt loam; massive; friable; 60 percent rock fragments; dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) silty coats on upper surfaces of shale fragments; strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (0 to 12 inches thick.)
2R-- 30 inches, olive (5Y 4/3) to dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) shale bedrock; most beds can be cut with a pick but not with a spade; contains some thin, massive, hard siltstone; olive to olive brown silt coats on faces of joint planes; strongly acid when pulverized.
TYPE LOCATION: Yates County, New York; two miles west of Himrod on south side of east-west road. USGS Dundee, NY topographic quadrangle; latitude 42 degrees, 35 minutes, 27 seconds N. and longitude 76 degrees, 59 minutes, 57 seconds W. NAD 1927. (Oldest copy of OSD in files states 2 1/4 miles west of Himrod.)
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The thickness of the solum ranges from 15 to 35 inches. Depth to bedrock ranges from 20 to 40 inches. Rock fragments, dominantly shale with some siltstone and sandstone channers, range from 15 to 40 percent by volume in the A horizon and 25 to 65 percent in the B horizon and 30 to 70 percent in the C horizon, with the lower limits occurring as thin subhorizons. Reaction ranges from extremely acid through moderately acid in the solum and very strongly acid through slightly acid in the C horizon.
The Ap or A horizon has hue of 7.5YR through 2.5Y, value of 3 or 4 and chroma of 2 or 3. Texture of the fine-earth fraction is loam or silt loam. Structure is medium or fine granular or subangular blocky parting to granular. Consistence is friable or very friable.
The A/B horizon has hue of 7.5YR through 2.5Y, value and chroma of 3 through 6. Texture of the fine-earth fraction is loam or silt loam. Structure is medium or fine granular or subangular blocky. Consistence is friable or very friable.
The Bw horizons have hue of 10YR through 5Y, value of 4 through 6, and chroma of 3 through 6. Some thin subhorizons are in hue of 7.5YR. Some pedons have few to common faint redoximorphic features below 20 inches. Texture of the fine-earth fraction is loam or silt loam. Structure is granular or subangular blocky. Consistence ranges from very friable to firm. Some pedons have an AB or BA horizon.
The C or 2C horizon has hue of 10YR through 5Y, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 2 through 4. Texture of the fine-earth fraction is loam or silt loam. Consistence ranges from loose to firm.
The 2R horizon is dominantly shale or shale interbedded with siltstone bedrock. The bedding planes are mostly horizontal but in places the bedrock is tilted and folded.
COMPETING SERIES: The Berks, Blasdell, Brownstown, Brownsville, Cadosia, Calvin, Cloverlick, Deadline, Highsplint, Jubin, Judyville, Keyesville (T), Lippitt, Matewan, Nailkeg, Peaks, Solon (T), Sylco, Warwick, and Wyoming series are in the same family. Berks and Brownstown soils have measurable amounts of kaolnite in the clay fraction. The Blasdell, Brownsville, Cloverlick, Highsplint, Jubin, and Warwick, and Wyoming soils are more than 40 inches to bedrock. Calvin soils have hue of 7.5YR or redder throughout the soil. Deadline soils formed in colluvium and residuum derived from schist or phyllite rock types of the Colebrooke Schist Formation in Oregon. Judyville soils are formed in residium derived from sandstone bedrock. Keyesville (T) has more sand in the lower part of the solum. Lippitt soils are dominated by rock fragments of hard gneiss, schist and granite. Matewan and Nailkeg soils have less than 40 percent silt in the B horizon. Peaks soils formed in residuum and have rock fragment dominated by granite, gneiss and shist. Solon soils formed in till derived from sandstone, siltstone, and shale. Sylco soils formed in residuum and have rock fragments dominated by phyllite and slate.
Lordstown, Marilla, Nassau and Towerville are similar soils in related families. Lordstown soils have a coarse-loamy particle size control section. Marilla soils contain a fragipan. Nassau soils have bedrock at depths of 10 to 20 inches. Towerville soils are fine-loamy in the particle-size control section.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Manlius soils occupy nearly level to steep bedrock-controlled land forms. Slope gradients are mainly from 3 to 25 percent but range from 0 to 70 percent. The regolith is thin till or frost disturbed material derived almost entirely from shale bedrock of the locality, but there are a few erratic gravel and stones in some pedons. The climate is humid and cool. Mean annual rainfall ranges from 30 to 50 inches; mean annual air temperature ranges from 46 degrees to 52 degrees F; and the frost-free season ranges from 130 to 200 days. Elevation ranges from 200 to 1800 feet above sea-level.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the competing Lordstown, Marilla, and Nassau soils and the Arnot, Chippewa, Fremont, Greene, Orpark, Schuyler, Tuller and Venango soils. Chippewa and Venango are typically associated in the extreme southern portions of MLRA 144A.
Arnot soils are on similar landscapes but are less than 20 inches deep to bedrock. Chippewa and Venango soils are more than 60 inches to bedrock, have fragipans and have a higher water table. Fremont, Orpark, and Schuyler soils are deeper and wetter associates on upland till plains in the Allegheny Plateau. These soils contain less shale fragments than the Manlius soils. Greene and Tuller soils are wetter associates in lower landscape positions on bedrock controlled landforms.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained to excessively drained. The potential for surface runoff ranges from medium to very high. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately high or high throughout the mineral soil.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most of the steeper areas are in woodlots and have often been deeply incised by geologic erosion. Unimproved pasture and idle land are prominent in cleared areas. Some of the more gently sloping areas are used for growing hay, oats, and silage corn. Grapes are important locally on Manlius soils adjacent to the Finger Lakes of central New York. Native vegetation is mainly northern hardwoods, including sugar maple and beech. Hemlock and white pine were major components locally.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Glaciated Allegheny Plateau of New York and northern Pennsylvania; Black River, Mohawk, and Hudson Valleys of New York. MLRA's 101, 140, and 144A. The soils are of moderate extent.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Amherst, Massachusetts
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Onondaga County, New York, 1934.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and other features recognized in the typifying pedon:
(1) Ochric epipedon- the zone from 0 to 6 inches (Ap horizon).
(2) Cambic horizon - the zone from 6 to 18 inches (Bw horizon).
(3) Loamy-skeletal family particle size - rock fragment content averages more than 35 percent by volume in the 10 to 30 inch control section.