LOCATION MILITARY WIEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Typic Hapludalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Military fine sandy loam - on a 5 percent slope in a wooded area at an elevation of about 945 feet above mean sea level. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
A--0 to 2 inches; black (10YR 2/1) fine sandy loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; many fine roots; neutral; abrupt wavy boundary. (1 to 3 inches thick)
E--2 to 3 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) fine sandy loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; many fine roots; few fine and medium tubular pores; slightly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (0 to 5 inches thick)
BE--3 to 11 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) fine sandy loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; very friable; many fine roots; few fine and medium tubular pores; 4 percent gravel ; slightly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (0 to 9 inches thick)
Bt1--11 to 16 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) sandy loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; many fine roots; many fine and common medium tubular pores; few distinct clay films on faces of peds; 8 percent gravel; Moderately acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bt2--16 to 20 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) sandy clay loam; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; common fine and few medium tubular pores; few distinct clay films on faces of peds; 7 percent gravel; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bt3--20 to 25 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) sandy clay loam; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; few fine and medium tubular pores; many distinct clay films on faces of peds; 7 percent gravel; strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizons ranges from 8 to 23 inches.)
2R--25 inches; reddish gray (5YR 5/2) and reddish brown (5YR 5/3) coherent sandstone.
TYPE LOCATION: Columbia County, Wisconsin; about 4 miles northeast of Portage; about 2360 feet south and 1740 feet west of the northeast corner of sec. 25, T. 13 N., R. 9 E. USGS Pardeeville, Wisconsin topographic quadrangle;lat. 43 degrees 34 minutes 42 seconds N., and long. 89 degrees 22 minutes 17 seconds W., NAD 27.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Depth to the base of the argillic horizon and to a lithic contact with sandstone ranges from 20 to 40 inches. The particle-size control section averages from 18 to 30 percent clay. Volume of gravel ranges from 0 to 15 percent throughout the soil. Volume of cobbles or stones ranges from 0 to 3 percent throughout the soil. Reaction ranges from neutral to strongly acid in the surface layer and from slightly acid to strongly acid in the subsoil.
The A horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 2 or 3, and chroma of 1 or 2. Cultivated pedons have an Ap horizon with hue of 10YR, value of 3 or 4, and chroma of 2 or 3. Ap horizons with moist value of 3 have dry value of 6 or more. Texture of the A or Ap horizon is fine sandy loam, loam, or loamy sand.
The E horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 2 or 3. Texture is fine sandy loam, sandy loam, or loam.
The BW or BE horizon has hue of 5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR; value of 4 to 6; and chroma of 3 to 6. Texture is fine sandy loam, sandy loam, or loam.
The Bthorizon has hue of 5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR; value of 3 to 5; and chroma of 4 to 6. Texture is sandy loam, loam, sandy clay loam, or clay loam.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Amanda, Belmont, Belmore, Chili, Cliftycreek, Crouse, Gallman, Greybrook, Hickory, High Gap, Kanawha, Kidder, Kosciusko, LeRoy, Lumberton, Martinsville, Ockley, Pignut(T), Princeton, Relay, Richardville, Riddles, Rockbridge, Senachwine, Skelton, Strawn, Turnersburg(T), Wawaka, Wawasee, and Woodbine series. None of these soils except High Gap have a lithic contact within a depth of 40 inches. High Gap soils do not have a paralithic and have less sand in the lower part of the Bt horizons. Hlgh Gap soils have mean annual precipitation range from 36 to 42 inches and mean annual air temperature range from 50 to 53 degrees F .
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Military soils are on valley side and upland slopes that are underlain by sandstone and capped with a thin layer of till. Slope ranges from 2 to 30 percent. Military soils formed in sandy loam till underlain by coherent sandstone Mean annual precipitation ranges from 25 to 35 inches. Mean annual air temperature ranges from 46 to 50 degrees F.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the competing Kidder and Northfield soils. Kidder soils are on contiguous areas where the thickness of the till exceeds 40 inches. Northfield soils are in areas where the sandstone is within depths of 20 inches.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained. The potential for surface runoff ranges from low to very high. . Permeability is moderate.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are used for woodland. Some of the less sloping areas are used for cropland. Common crops are corn, small grain, or hay. Some areas are used for pastureland. Native vegetation is mixed hardwood forests. Common tree species include black cherry, black locust, shagbark hickory, northern red oak, poplar, red maple, and white oak.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central and south-central Wisconsin. This series is of small extent.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Columbia County, Wisconsin, 1972.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: ochric epipedon - 0 to 11 inches (A, E, BE); argillic horizon - 11 to 25 inches (Bt1, Bt2, Bt3).