LOCATION SUMMERVILLE MI+NY WIEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy, mixed, active, frigid Lithic Eutrudepts
TYPICAL PEDON: Summerville fine sandy loam on a southeast-facing slope of 3 percent in a forested area. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated).
Oi--1 to 0 inches; undecomposed leaf litter.
A--0 to 2 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) fine sandy loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; moderate fine granular structure; friable; many fine and medium and common coarse roots; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary. (1 to 5 inches thick)
Bw1--2 to 9 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) fine sandy loam; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common medium and coarse and many fine roots; about 2 percent gravel; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bw2--9 to 16 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 4/4) fine sandy loam; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common medium and coarse and many fine roots; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) organic stains; about 2 percent gravel and cobbles; slightly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (The combined thickness of the Bw horizons is 3 to 16 inches.)
2R--16 inches; limestone.
TYPE LOCATION: Menominee County, Michigan; about 8 miles southwest of Powers; 2000 feet south, 100 feet east of northwest corner of sec. 27, T. 38 N., R. 27 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The depth to limestone ranges from 10 to 20 inches. Reaction ranges from slightly acid to moderately alkaline throughout the pedon. Limestone stones, cobbles, channers, and flagstones ranging from about 0 to 35 percent by volume commonly are on the surface and mixed throughout the pedon. Volume of gravel ranges from 0 to 5 percent throughout. Texture throughout the pedon includes sandy loam, fine sandy loam, very fine sandy loam, silt loam, loam, or cobbly, flaggy or channery analogs of these textures.
Some pedons have a 4 to 9 inch thick Ap horizon. The A horizon or Ap horizon has hue of 5YR, 7.5YR, 10YR or is neutral; value of 2 or 3; and chroma of 0 to 3.
Some pedons have an E horizon that has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 5 to 7, and chroma of 2 or 3.
The Bw horizon has hue of 5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR; value of 2 to 6; and chroma of 3 to 8.
Some pedons have a BC or C horizon up to 5 inches thick with hue of 5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR; value of 3 to 6; and chroma of 2 to 4. A 1 to 3 inch calcareous layer immediately above the bedrock is in some pedons and it appears to be residuum weathered from the limestone.
COMPETING SERIES: There are no other series in this family. Closely related are the Glover, Peshekee, and Woodstock series. All of these have spodic horizons. In addition, Glover soils are underlain by schistose bedrock; Peshekee soils are underlain by igneous or metamorphic bedrock; and Woodstock soils are underlain by interbedded limestone and mica schist.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: The Summerville soils are on nearly level to steep ground moraines, end moraines, and glacial lake benches underlain at a shallow depth by limestone. Slope gradients typically are 2 to 12 percent but range from 0 to 45 percent. Mean annual temperature is estimated to range from 41 to 45 degrees F, and the mean annual precipitation ranges from 26 to 40 inches.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: The somewhat poorly drained Ensign soils and poorly drained Ruse soils form a drainage sequence with Summerville soils. Well drained Longrie soils, somewhat poorly drained Sundell soils, and poorly drained Nahma soils are associated soils underlain by limestone at 20 to 40 inches. Well drained Chatham, Onaway, and Trenary soils are near Summerville soils on higher positions on ground moraines. Excessively drained Alpena soils are in association on glacial lake benches and lake beaches.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained. Runoff is slow to rapid depending on slope. Permeability is moderate.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most of this soil supports second growth woodland. Present vegetation consists of sugar maple, American basswood, quaking aspen, balsam fir, eastern white pine and northern whitecedar. Cleared areas are used for hay or pasture. Some areas are used for cropland.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northern part of lower Michigan; central and southeastern part of the Upper Peninsula of Michigan, northeastern Wisconsin and northern New York. The series is of moderate extent.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Alpena County, Michigan, 1924.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: ochric epipedon - the zone from the surface to 2 inches (A horizon); cambic horizon - the zone from 2 to 16 inches (Bw1 and Bw2 horizons); a lithic contact of limestone at 16 inches (2R horizon).