LOCATION TYNER IN+OHEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Mixed, mesic Typic Udipsamments
TYPICAL PEDON: Tyner loamy sand, on a 1 percent slope in a cultivated field at an elevation of 784 feet. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 12 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) loamy sand, light brown (7.5YR 6/3) dry; weak fine granular structure; very friable; many fine and few medium roots throughout; 2 percent gravel; very strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (7 to 12 inches thick)
Bw1--12 to 20 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) loamy sand; weak medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; few medium roots throughout; 4 percent gravel; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bw2--20 to 27 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) fine sand; weak medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; very friable; few medium roots throughout; 2 percent gravel; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bw3--27 to 34 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) sand; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; very friable; few medium roots throughout; 1 percent gravel; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bw4--34 to 41 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) sand; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; very friable; few medium roots throughout; 3 percent gravel; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bw5--41 to 51 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) sand; single grain; loose; 9 percent gravel; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bw6--51 to 60 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) sand; single grain; loose; 2 percent gravel; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bw7--60 to 75 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) coarse sand; single grain; loose; 4 percent gravel; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bw8--75 to 80 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) sand; single grain; loose; 5 percent gravel; neutral. (Combined thickness of the Bw horizon is 29 or more inches.)
TYPE LOCATION: Elkhart County, Indiana; about 3 miles northeast of Bristol; 400 feet east and 453 feet south of the northwest corner of sec. 20, T. 38 N., R. 7 E.; U.S.G.S. Bristol, IN topographic quadrangle; lat. 41 degrees 44 minutes 18 seconds N. and long. 85 degrees 45 minutes 20 seconds W., NAD 27; UTM Zone 16, 603483 easting and 4621478 northing, NAD 83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Thickness of the solum: 36 to more than 80 inches
Rock fragment content: 0 to 10 percent throughout the series control section
Rock fragments: of mixed lithology with a high content of shale, 2 to 5 millimeters in size
Particle-size control section: silt content plus clay content averages 10 percent or more
Ap horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 3 or 4, 6 or more dry
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: loamy sand or loamy fine sand
Structure: very weak to moderate, fine or medium, granular
Reaction: very strongly acid to neutral depending on liming history
E horizon: (where present)
Hue: 10YR
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 3 or 4
Bw horizon, or BC horizon where present:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 3 to 6
Texture: loamy sand, loamy fine sand, sand, or fine sand, and ranges to coarse sand in the lower part
Structure: very weak or weak, fine to coarse, subangular blocky or granular, or is single grain
Reaction: very strongly acid to neutral
C horizon: (where present)
Hue: 10YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 2 to 6; chroma of 2 is due to the inherent color of the sand and not to aquic conditions
Texture: sand, coarse sand, or fine sand; some pedons are stratified with thin bands of loamy sand
Reaction: strongly acid to neutral
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Acquango, Aldo, Bigapple (T), Biltmore, Boplain, Breeze (T), Caesar, Chute, Dabney, Hodge, Oakville, Osolo, Pahuk, Penwood, Perks, Pinegrove, Plainfield, Sardak, Sarpy, Scotah, Spessard, Suncook, and Windsor series. Acquango, Bigapple, Caesar, Chute, Hodge, Pahuk, Penwood, Perks, Pinegrove, Suncook, and Windsor soils are less than 36 inches to the base of the solum. Aldo soils have redoximorphic features in the lower part of the series control section. Biltmore soils contain mica flakes throughout the series control section. Boplain soils have a paralithic contact between 20 and 40 inches. Breeze soils formed in anthrotransported material and have 10 percent rock fragments consisting of construction debris. Dabney soils have a dry value of 5 or less in the upper part of the series control section. Oakville, Plainfield, Sardak, and Sarpy soils have less than 10 percent silt plus clay in the particle-size control section. Osolo soils average more than 50 percent fine and very fine sand in the particle-size control section. Spessard soils formed in colluvium from acid sandstone in MLRA 128 in LLR N.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Tyner soils formed in sandy outwash or beach deposits and are on Wisconsinan age outwash plains and outwash terraces, and on beaches and offshore bars on lake plains. Slope gradients range from 0 to 45 percent. Mean annual temperature ranges from 49 to 55 degrees F., mean annual precipitation ranges from 29 to 40 inches, frost-free period ranges from 150 to 198 days, and elevation ranges from 570 to 1,020 feet above sea level.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Brems, Maumee, Morocco, Newton, and Osolo soils. The moderately well drained Brems, somewhat poorly drained Morocco, and well drained Osolo soils are on slightly lower swells. The very poorly drained Maumee and Newton soils are in depressions.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Excessively drained. The potential for surface runoff is negligible to low. Permeability is rapid. The depth to the top of an apparent seasonal high water table is greater than 6.0 feet.
USE AND VEGETATION: Soils are mostly used to grow corn, soybeans, fall seeded small grain, and legume-grass mixtures. Irrigation is a common practice on cropped areas. Some areas are in woods or pasture. Native vegetation is deciduous forest.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRA's 98, 100, and 111 in north central and northwestern Indiana and northern Ohio. The soils are of large extent.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana.
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Lake County, Indiana, 1971.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon: from the surface to 12 inches (Ap horizon)
Udic moisture regime
NASIS Data Mapunit ID 124309 represents the typical pedon.
NASIS Data Mapunit ID 124308 represents the 0 to 1 percent slope phase.
NASIS Data Mapunit ID 124310 represents the 5 to 10 percent slope phase.
NASIS Data Mapunit ID 124311 represents the 10 to 18 percent slope phase.
NASIS Data Mapunit ID 124312 represents the 18 to 45 percent slope phase.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Lab characterization data is available for the typical pedon (S93IN-039-002) from the National Soil Survey Laboratory, Lincoln, NE. Data is also available for pedon LK-15, sample numbers 19956 to 19961, from Lake County, Ohio; samples analyzed by The Ohio State University Soil Characterization Laboratory, Columbus, Ohio. Transect data for the typical pedon (T92IN-039-067 and T92IN-039-068) is on file at the MLRA project office in Plymouth, Indiana. Transects shows 40 Tyner soils and 60 percent Coloma soils.