LOCATION VONID COEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Ustic Calciargids
TYPICAL PEDON: Vonid loamy sand, one percent slope in rangeland at an elevation of 5,263 feet. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)
A--0 to 6 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) loamy sand, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; weak coarse granular structure; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many fine through coarse roots; neutral; gradual smooth boundary. (2 to 6 inches thick)
Bt1--6 to 14 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) sandy loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; many fine through coarse roots; few faint clay films; neutral; clear smooth boundary. (5 to 10 inches thick)
Bt2--14 to 23 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) sandy loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; very few fine roots; few faint clay films; neutral; clear smooth boundary. (0 to 9 inches thick)
Bt3--23 to 34 inches; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) sandy loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; very few fine roots; few faint clay films; neutral; clear smooth boundary. (0 to 11 inches thick)
Bk1--34 to 52 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) sandy loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; weak fine subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; very few fine roots; many medium masses of calcium carbonate; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary. (6 to 18 inches thick)
Bk2--52 to 60 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) sandy loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; massive; hard, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few fine masses of calcium carbonate; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Lincoln County, Colorado; approximately 39 miles south and 29 miles west of Hugo; 1,350 feet east and 50 feet north of the southwest corner of Sec. 16, T. 17 S., R. 59 W.; USGS Truckton SE, CO quadrangle; latitude 38 degrees, 34 minutes, 47 seconds N. and longitude 104 degrees, 2 minutes, 14 seconds W., NAD 83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: Moist in some or all parts in May and June, and intermittently in July and August.
Mean annual soil temperature: 49 to 54 degrees F.
Thickness of the Argillic: 5 to 30 inches.
Depth to Calcic horizon: 15 to 60 inches but occurs predominately in the lower part of the profile.
Particle size control section:
Clay content: 8 to 18 percent
Sand content: 52 to 80 percent, with more than 35 percent fine sand or coarser.
A horizon
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 or 5 dry, 3 or 4 moist
Chroma: 2 through 4
Texture: sandy loam or loamy sand
Rock fragments: 0 to 15 percent gravel
Reaction: neutral or slightly alkaline
Bt horizons
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 through 6 dry, 3 through 5 moist
Chroma: 3 or 4
Texture: sandy loam, fine sandy loam
Rock fragments: 0 to 15 percent gravel
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 5 percent
Reaction: neutral or slightly alkaline
Bk horizon
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 5 or 6 dry, 4 or 5 moist
Chroma: 3 through 6
Texture: sandy loam, loamy sand
Rock fragments: 0 to 15 percent gravel
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 5 to 15 percent
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline
C horizon
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 6 or 7 dry, 5 moist
Chroma: 3 through 6
Texture: sandy loam or loamy sand
Rock fragments: 0 to 15 percent
Calcium carbonate: 5 to15 percent
Reaction: slightly alkaline through strongly alkaline
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Khapo (NM),
Marjane (AZ),
Palma (NM), and
Windwhistle series.
Khapo soils are well drained, have 30 to 50 percent sand in the control section
Marjane and Windwhistle soils: have a lithic contact at depths of 20 to 40 inches.
Palma soils: have soil moisture control section that is dry in
May and June. It has hues that are dominantly 5YR.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landform: interdunes, ridges, plains and hills
Slopes: 0 to 25 percent
Parent material: eolian material
Mean annual precipitation: 11 to 14 inches, most of which falls during the months of April through September.
Mean annual temperature: 47 to 53 degrees F.
Mean summer temperature: 68 to 74 degrees F.
Frost free period: 125 to 155 days
Elevation ranges from 4,000 to 6,500 feet.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Olney and Valent soils. Olney soils have a fine-loamy control section and occur on slightly lower plains. Valent soils have a sandy control section, lack an argillic horizon, and occur on hills.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat excessively drained; very low, low, or medium runoff; moderately rapid permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used as rangeland and nonirrigated cropland. Native vegetation is mainly blue grama, little bluestem, needleandthread, prairie sandreed, sand dropseed, sideoats grama, thickspike wheatgrass.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Eastern Colorado; LRR G, MLRA 69. This series is extensive.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Salina, Kansas
SERIES PROPOSED: Lincoln County, Colorado, 1996.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features in this pedon are:
Particle size control section: 6 to 26 inches. (Bt1, Bt2 and part of the Bt3 horizons)
Ochric epipedon: 0 to 6 inches. (A horizon)
Argillic horizon: 6 to 34 inches. (Bt1, Bt2, Bt3 horizons)
Calcic horizon: 34 to 60 inches. (Bk1, Bk2 horizons)
Remarks: The Vonid series replaces Vona in Ustic-Aridic moisture regime. The Vona series was reclassified from Ustic Haplargids to Aridic Haplustalfs. The name Vonid is coined from Vona.
ADDITIONAL DATA: This site is characterized by NSSL pedon no. S89CO-073-012 at the following site:
http://ssldata.sc.egov.usda.gov/rptExecute.asp?p=16353&r=1&submit1=Get+Report
Keys to Soil Taxonomy used: Eighth Edition, 1998