LOCATION WINU NV+IDEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive Pachic Argicryolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Winu very stony loam, rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)
A1--0 to 5 cm; dark gray (10YR 4/1) very stony loam, very dark brown (10YR 2/2) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure that parts to moderate very fine granular; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine, and few fine roots; many very fine and fine interstitial, common very fine and fine tubular pores; neutral (pH 6.6); clear smooth boundary. (3 to 30 cm thick)
A2--5 to 23 cm; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) gravelly clay loam, very dark brown (10YR 2/2) moist; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, sticky and plastic; many very fine, common fine, and few medium roots; many very fine and fine, and common medium tubular pores; 20 percent gravel; neutral (pH 6.6); clear smooth boundary. (0 to 30 cm thick)
Bt--23 to 56 cm; brown (7.5YR 4/2) speckled with brown (7.5YR 5/2) gravelly clay loam, very dark brown (7.5YR 2/2) moist; strong medium and fine subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, very sticky and plastic; many very fine, common fine, and few medium and coarse roots; many very fine and fine interstitial and tubular pores; many thin clay films in pores; many medium and coarse black (10YR 2/1) pieces of charcoal and charcoal stains; 20 percent gravel; slightly acid (pH 6.5); gradual irregular boundary. (20 to 38 cm thick)
2Bt1--56 to 84 cm; light brown (7.5YR 6/4) sandy loam, brown (7.5YR 4/4) moist; many medium faint pink (7.5YR 8/4) spots; massive; slightly hard, very friable, sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine, and few fine roots; many very fine and fine interstitial, common very fine and fine tubular pores; common thin clay films as bridges between sand grains and in pores; slightly acid (pH 6.4); abrupt wavy boundary. (15 to 30 cm thick)
2Bt2--84 to 97 cm; brown (7.5YR 5/4) loam, strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) moist; massive; hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine and fine roots; many very fine and fine interstitial, and common very fine tubular pores; common thin clay bridges between and sand grains; 1 to 3 cm thick diagonal band of gray (10YR 5/1) material; slightly acid (pH 6.4); abrupt wavy boundary. (8 to 25 cm thick)
R--97 cm; pinkish gray (7.5YR 7/2) bedrock with brown (7.5YR 5/4) clay films in cracks.
TYPE LOCATION: Lincoln County, Nevada; USGS Parsnip Peak, 7.5 minute quadrangle; about 8 miles east of Caliente; approximately 600 feet south and 600 feet west of the northeast corner of section 3, T. 4 N., R. 68 E; latitude 38 degrees 14 minutes 30 seconds N and longitude 114 degrees 20 minutes 23 seconds W; UTM zone 11, 732816e, 4235976n; NAD 83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture - moist in winter and spring; dry late summer and fall.
Soil temperature - 6 to 8 degrees C
Average summer soil temperature - 14 to 15 degrees C
Mollic epipedon thickness - 46 to 76 cm, includes the upper part of the Bt horizon
Depth to bedrock - 61 to 102 cm
Reaction - slightly acid or neutral
Other features - Some pedons do not have a 2Bt horizon and have the Bt horizon continuous to bedrock
Control section - Clay content: 20 to 30 percent
Rock fragments: 15 to 35 percent
A horizon - Value: 3 through 5 dry, 2 or 3 moist
Chroma: 1 through 3
Bt horizon - Hue - 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 or 5 dry, 2 through 4 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: Loam, clay loam, or sandy clay loam in upper part; sandy loam or loam in lower part
Rock fragments: 15 to 35 percent in upper part mainly gravel with some cobbles and stones. Up to 50 percent rock fragments in lower part of some pedons.
Structure: Moderate or strong, fine to coarse subangular or angular blocky
Consistence: Soft to hard, very friable or friable, slightly sticky or sticky and slightly plastic or plastic.
2Bt horizon - Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 5 or 6.
Chroma: 4 through 6.
Texture: Sandy clay loam, sandy loam or loam.
Rock fragments: 0 to 35 percent.
Structure: Massive or subangular blocky.
Consistence: Slightly hard or hard dry, very friable or friable moist, slightly sticky to very sticky and slightly plastic or plastic wet.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Bachus(WY), Bavdark(MT), Benteen(MT), Brushtop(ID), Clayburn(UT), Croydon(UT), Crystalbutte(ID), Davtone(CO), Dehana(ID), Demast(ID), Dranburn(ID), Dranyon(ID), Echemoor(WY), Hagenbarth(ID), Hoopgobel(ID), Lostminer(UT), Millerlake(WY), Odark(MT), Pontuge(ID), Senchert(UT), Southmount(ID), Squawval(NV), Stubbs(WY), Thulepah(NV), and Vadnais(ID) series. Bachus and Vadnais soils average summer soil temperatures of 45 to 52 degrees F and have less than 15 percent rock fragments in the control section. Bavdark, Dranburn, Odark, and Pontuge soils are very deep. Benteen soils have slightly alkaline layers in the lower profile. Brushtop soils are deep. Echemoor, Hoopgobel, and Stubbs soils have a paralithic contact at a depth of 50 to 100 cm. Croydon soils have a paralithic contact at 100 to 150 cm. Clayburn, Crystalbutte, Davtone, Dehana, Demast, Dranyon, Hagenbarth, Millerlake and Thulepah have bedrock at a depth of more than 100 cm. Lostminer soils have a Bk horizon below the Bt horizons. Senchert and Squawval soils contain less than 15 percent rock fragments. Southmont soils are deep and very deep, contain 24 to 32 percent clay and contain less than 20 percent rock fragments.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Winu soils are on mountain side slopes. These soils formed in residuum and colluvium from mixed igneous rocks. Slopes are 8 to 75 percent. Elevations are 1,840 to 3,090 m. The climate is cold, continental with cold, wet winters and cool, dry summers. The mean annual precipitation is 350 to 500 cm; mean annual temperature is 4 to 7 degrees C, and the frost-free season is 45 to 100 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Nevtah, Tica, Udel, Wilpar, and Winz soils. Nevtah soils lack an argillic horizon, Tica soils have a clay Bt horizon and a lithic contact at a depth of 25 to 50 cm. Udel soils have a lithic contact at a depth of 10 to 38 cm and lack an argillic horizon. Wilpar soils have a 25 to 38 cm thick mollic epipedon and are clayey-skeletal. Winz soils lack a mollic epipedon, have a distinct E horizon, and have a very cobbly and gravelly clay Bt horizon.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; medium to rapid runoff; moderately slow permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: Rangeland and wildlife habitat. Vegetation is principally mountain big sagebrush, antelope bitterbrush, serviceberry, mountain mahogany and manzanita. This pedon is correlated to Ecological Site R028AY060NV, Mahogany Thicket.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: East-central Nevada and southern Idaho. These soils are moderately extensive. MLRA 10, 25, 28B, 28A. Presently there are 29,672 acres in MLRA 28A where the series is established. About 3734 acres are in MLRA 25; 13,497 acres are in MLRA 10; and 12,211 acres are in MLRA 28B.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Reno, Nevada
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Lincoln County (Meadow Valley Area), Nevada, 1971.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon - 0 to about 56 cm (A1, A2 and Bt1 horizons).
Argillic horizon - 23 to 97 cm (Bt, 2Bt1 and 2Bt2 horizons).
Lithic contact - 97 cm (R horizon).
Particle-size control section - 23 to 74 cm (Bt and a portion of the 2Bt1 horizon).