LOCATION ZANESVILLE KY+IL IN OHEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, active, mesic Oxyaquic Fragiudalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Zanesville silt loam--on a smooth convex ridgetop slope in cultivation. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 7 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam; weak fine granular structure; very friable; many fine roots; medium acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (5 to 11 inches thick)
Bt--7 to 28 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) silt loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine roots; common brown and reddish brown clay films; 1 percent black concretions; up to 1.5 mm in diameter; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (16 to 27 inches thick)
Btx--28 to 39 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silt loam; many medium distinct gray (10YR 6/1) and strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) mottles; moderate very coarse prisms parting to weak medium blocky structure; very firm; brittle; few fine roots between prisms; continuous gray (10YR 6/1) silt coatings and clay films on prisms, and common clay films on blocks; few small black concretions; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (6 to 24 inches thick)
2C--39 to 60 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) sandy clay loam; common medium distinct light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) and light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) mottles; weak platy structure; firm; few small black concretions; 10 percent weathered brown sandstone and siltstone fragments; very strongly acid. (9 to 30 inches thick)
2R--60 inches; gray and brown acid sandstone and siltstone.
TYPE LOCATION: Caldwell County, Kentucky; 1/4 mile north of Needmore, along west side of Kentucky Highway 293, about 300 feet south of Liberty Church.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Thickness of the solum ranges from 35 to 70 inches. Depth to the fragipan ranges from 20 to 32 inches and the depth to bedrock is 40 to 80 inches. These soils are medium to very strongly acid, except where limed.
The Ap horizon has hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 2 to 4. It is silt loam or silty clay loam. Some pedons in wooded areas have a 1 inch to 3 inches A horizon with lower value and chroma and an A2 horizon with the same color as the Ap horizon.
The Bt horizon has hue of 10YR, 7.5YR, or 5YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 4 to 6. It is silt loam or silty clay loam. Some pedons have a brown or strong brown silty loam B1 horizon up to 6 inches thick.
The Btx horizon has hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 3 to 6, and has few to many brown or gray mottles. It is silty clay loam, silt loam, loam, clay loam, sandy clay loam, or fine sandy loam, and has 0 to 15 percent coarse fragments.
The 2C horizon and pedons with 2B horizons have hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 3 to 6, and has few to many brown and gray mottles. They have 5 to 50 percent coarse fragments. Some pedons have thin 2Cr horizons of interbedded sandstone, siltstone, and shale above an R.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Aldino, Ava, Boston, Cincinnati, Grantsburg, Hildebrecht, Hosmer, Lawrenceville, Mercer, Nicholson, Otwell, Rainsboro, and Weisburg series. Aldino soils have contrasting materials from serpentine residuum at depths less than 40 inches. Ava, Cincinnati, and Rainsboro soils have contrasting materials of glacial origin at depths less than 40 inches. Boston, Mercer, and Nicholson soils have residuum from limestone at depths less than 48 inches. Grantsburg and Hosmer soils have fragipans that are more than 24 inches thick and loess thickness more than 48 inches. Heildebrecht soils have thicker sola and contain more coarse fragments in the Bx horizon. Lawrenceville soils are formed in silty transported material over a wide range of consolidated or unconsolidated deposits. Otwell soils are on stream terraces and have stratified B3 and C horizons. Weisburg soils have clayey Bt horizons on lower sola.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Zanesville soils are on upland ridgetops, point slopes, and upper side slopes with slopes ranging from 0 to 30 percent. These soils developed in 24 to 48 inches of loess underlain by residuum from acid sandstone, siltstone, and shale with common rock fragments. Near the type location the average annual air temperature is 56 degrees F., and the average annual precipitation is 42 inches.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the competing Hosmer series and the Johnsburg, Sadler, and Wellston series. Johnsburg soils have mottles with chroma of 2 or less throughout the B horizon above the fragipan. Sadler soils have A horizons above the fragipan. Wellston soils lack fragipans.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained to moderately well drained. Runoff is medium. Permeability is moderate above the fragipan and moderately slow to slow in the fragipan.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are used for growing corn, small grains, soybeans, tobacco, hay, and pasture. Native forests have oak, hickory, maple, gum, poplar, dogwood, beech, ironwood, persimmon, and sassafras as the dominant species.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: The Western coalfields of Kentucky, southern Illinois, southern Indiana, southern Ohio, and possibly Arkansas, Missouri, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia. The extent is large.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Lexington, Kentucky
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Muskingum County, Ohio; 1925.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - the zone from the surface of the soil to a depth to 7 inches (Ap horizon).
Argillic horizon - the zone from a depth of 7 inches to a depth of 39 inches (Bt and Btx horizons).
Fragipan feature - the zone from a depth of 28 inches to a depth of 39 inches (Btx horizon).
Classification only was changed in 7/94. Competing series and other items will be updated later.